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Notice: The NSCA website is scheduled to undergo system maintenance from 2:00 AM - 2:30 AM EST. During this time, there may be short service interruptions across the site and some parts of  the site may not be accessible. We apologize for any inconvenience while we work to improve the website experience and security.

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(35 found)

Bone Stress Response Injuries in Law Enforcement Recruits

March 12, 2021

Article Members Only

This article looks to explain why law enforcement recruits have higher incidences of lower extremity bone stress responses and stress fractures. It also explores injury mitigation pathways to increase the graduation rates among law enforcement academies.

TSAC Facilitators Program design Basic Pathophysiology and Science of Health Status or Condition and Disorder or Disease Law Enforcement Bone Stress Recruits Injury Mitigation

Physiological Demands

July 22, 2022

Article

This excerpt briefly describes the different energy systems used by structural and wildland firefighters.

TSAC Facilitators Exercise Science Program design Wildland Firefighters Structural Firefighters EPOC Energy Systems

Sport Science Load Monitoring Practices, Application, and Practicality for First Responders - Part I

May 30, 2025

Article Members Only

This article discusses how first responder organizations can optimize their training programs through scientific techniques, including the measurement of training load.

TSAC Facilitators Exercise Science Exercise Technique Program design Testing and Evaluation Professional Development Physiological Stress Fitness Requirements Training Load Measurement Performance Improvement Training Optimization Sport Science

Physical Abilities Test Development—Using Physiological Data to Get a Clearer Picture

June 13, 2016

Article Members Only

Given their ability to discern physiological and technical aspects of a job task, TSAC-Fs may be able to collect some vital information that will assist with the underlying evidence to build the foundation of a physical abilities test.

TSAC Facilitators Testing and Evaluation mandatory physical abilities testing PAT physical abilities test

Stress Inoculation Training in Tactical Strength and Conditioning

April 1, 2013

Article

Tactical jobs are fast-paced, physically and psychologically intense, and failure can have tragic consequences, making it vital to train tactical athletes to perform better under stress.

TSAC Facilitators Exercise Science Program design Safety performing under pressure stress management techniques how to deal with stress stress management stress relief How to handle stress

Feasibility and Difficulties of Conducting Research on Professional Firefighters

April 23, 2021

Article Members Only

The purpose of this article is to identify and discuss the difficulties that can arise when performing physiological-based research with firefighters.

TSAC Facilitators Program design Testing and Evaluation Firefighters Research Academy Training Programs

Training Considerations for the Female Firefighter – Bridging the Evidence Gap in Tactical Strength and Conditioning

May 11, 2026

Article

This TSAC Report article discusses why female firefighters need sex-specific training to improve biomechanics, reduce injury risk, and support career sustainability. Visit NSCA online to read more about exercise science and occupational readiness.

TSAC Facilitators Exercise Science Exercise Technique Program design Organization and Administration Testing and Evaluation Safety Basic Pathophysiology and Science of Health Status or Condition and Disorder or Disease Professional Development Injury Prevention Career Sustainability Female Firefighters Sex specific Training First Responder Readiness Strength Training Occupational Fitness Candidate Physical Ability Test (CPAT)

From College to Command—Human Performance Optimization and the Army ROTC Cadet

November 19, 2018

Article Members Only

Soldiers in today’s Army should be exposed to realistic and stressful training scenarios. Additionally, they should be educated on the physical, psychological, and cognitive effects of combat and fatigue. Army Reserve Officer Training Corps (AROTC) cadets are an ideal training audience since they are already immersed in an academic environment.

TSAC Facilitators Program design Professional Development ROTC Tactical Athlete Military Training Cadet Training

Heart Rate Variability Useful in Monitoring Fitness and Training Responses in Tactical Athletes

September 1, 2016

Article Members Only

HRV is thought to provide objective insight into understanding fatigue, “trainability,” and “readiness” to perform in athletic populations. Evolving access to HRV data may enhance the understanding of individualized fitness and training responses in tactical athletes.

TSAC Facilitators Program design Basic Pathophysiology and Science of Health Status or Condition and Disorder or Disease hrv Monitoring Fitness Training Load Tactical Athlete TSAC

Sport Science Load Monitoring Practices, Application, and Practicality for First Responders – Part II

August 29, 2025

Article Members Only

This TSAC Report article discusses the training load of GPS technology and blood lactate monitoring for first responders. Visit NSCA online to learn more about tactical fitness.

TSAC Facilitators Exercise Science Exercise Technique Organization and Administration Testing and Evaluation Client Consultation|Assessment Professional Development Biometrics Heart Rate Monitoring Sport Science Physiological Response Blood Lactate Athlete-Generated Data Sport Performance GPS Technology

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