Which of the following is the best field test to assess muscular endurance?

YMCA Cycle Ergometer Test

YMCA Bench Press

12-minute run/walk

Which of the following will improve the accuracy of this test?

Watch the Video

hold the stethoscope bell with the other hand

release the air at a slower rate

place the sphygmomanometer dial on the client’s lap

Which of the following will improve the validity of this test?

Watch Video

abduct the arm while measuring

place the mark at the midpoint of the upper arm

use a horizontal fold

Which of the following assessments will best predict the individual's VO2 max?

1 mile run

3 minute step test

12 minute run/walk

When should the personal trainer administer an informed consent form to a client?

during completion of the health appraisal process

during review of the fitness evaluation results

during the initial interview with the client

What is the purpose of the PAR-Q?

to identify if the client needs to obtain medical clearance

to determine if the client must undergo a graded exercise test

to provide a structured method of setting the client's goals

A male client completed a medical history form. Which of the following requires the client to have medical clearance before beginning a vigorous (>60% VO2max) aerobic exercise program?

HDL level of 30 mg/dL and 43 years old

43 years old and father had a heart attack at age 52

father had a heart attack at age 52 and HDL level of 30 mg/dL

Which of the following is a component of the female athlete triad?

obesity

hypoglycemia

amenorrhea

Which of the following fitness assessments is most appropriate for determining a client's relative upper body strength?

1RM shoulder press

maximum repetition push-ups

max bench press divided by client's bodyweight

A dietary review reveals that a female client, who wants to lose weight, typically has a breakfast consisting of a jelly donut and a soft drink. Which of the following recommendation should a personal trainer make?

replace the soft drink with a glass of orange juice

drink water instead of soft drinks

reduce her intake of grains

When should the personal trainer administer the client-personal trainer agreement?

during the health appraisal screening

at the initial client consultation meeting

after the fitness evaluation

A 40-year-old male hires a personal trainer. The results of his fitness evaluations are as follows:

Height	5-ft, 10-in. (178 cm)
Weight	175 lb (79.5 kg)
Resting heart rate	80 bpm
Blood pressure	143/96 mmHg
Body fat	15%
12-minute run	1.6 miles (2.6 km)
Push-ups   (maximum)	25
Sit-and-reach test	6.7 in. (17 cm)

Which of the following needs improvement?

cardiovascular endurance

hamstring and low back flexibility

body composition

A female client is preparing for her first 10-km race. The client has controlled Type I diabetes and she has been cleared to exercise by her physician. Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing hypoglycemia during the race?

increasing insulin dosage

increasing carbohydrate intake

consume a high protein snack

A 35-year-old male has started working with a personal trainer. The results of his fitness evaluation is as follows:

Resting heart rate: 80 bpm
Blood pressure: 143/78 mmHg

The client's blood pressure should be categorized as which of the following?

high-normal

stage 1 hypertension

stage 2 hypertension

A 33-year-old, 5-ft, 1-in. (155-cm), female client has been working with a personal trainer for the last six months. The exercise program has primarily consisted of walking and jogging. The results of her body composition tests are as follows:

	Month 1	Month 6
Body weight	130 lb (59 kg)	124 lb (56.5 kg)
Body fat	30%	25%

Approximately how much body fat has this client lost since her first evaluation?

4 lb (1.8 kg)

6 lb (2.7 kg)

8 lb (3.6 kg)

Which of the following symptoms differentiates anorexia nervosa from bulimia?

excessive exercise

obsession with body image

sensitivity to cold

Which of the following should be part of the initial interview with a new client?

administering the PAR-Q evaluation

establishing the client/trainer agreement

obtaining medical clearance from a physician

When should the client fill out the medical history form?

before administering the informed consent form

during the health appraisal screening

at the initial client consultation meeting

When exercising outdoors, which of the following affects post-exercise fluid replacement needs most?

temperature

intensity

duration

A 22-year-old female recently hired a personal trainer. The client indicates that she was a competitive ice skater in grade school; however, she is not currently exercising. Her fitness evaluation indicated the following information:

Height	66 in. (168 cm)
Weight	154 lb (70 kg)
Percent body fat	32%
Resting heart rate	72 bpm
Resting blood pressure	118/76 mm Hg
Fasting glucose	97 mg/dl
LDL cholesterol	128 mg/dl
HDL cholesterol	38 mg/dl
VO2 max	32 ml/kg/min
1RM bench press	100 lb (45.5 kg)
1RM leg press	250 lb (113.5 kg)
Sit-up test (1 min)	44 repetitions

How many coronary artery disease risk factors does the client have?

1

2

3

A young female wants to become a gymnast; however, she is not currently exercising. Her fitness evaluation indicates the following information:

Height	62 in. (152.4 cm)
Weight	115 lb (52.5 kg)
Percent body fat	20%
VO2 max	32 ml/kg/min
1RM bench press	100 lb (45.5 kg)
1RM leg press	250 lb (113.5 kg)
Sit-up test (1 min)	44 repetitions

Which of the following needs the most improvement?

aerobic capacity

upper body strength

muscular endurance

A 5 foot 6 inch, 22-year-old female is training for a marathon. She is currently focusing on a plan for weight loss to improve her running. She weighs 154 lbs (70 kg), and has a body fat percentage of 25%. Her blood pressure is 116/72 mmHg. What is this client's approximate lean body mass?

42 lb (19 kg)

115 lb (52.5 kg)

127 lb (57.5 kg)

A 52-year-old novice male weightlifter is focusing on improving his strength with a personal trainer. His fitness evaluation indicated the following information:

Height	68 in (176 cm)
Weight	162 lbs (73.5 kg)
Percent body fat	23%
Resting heart rate	69 bpm
Resting blood pressure	120/76 mm Hg
Fasting glucose	97 mg/dl
LDL cholesterol	128 mg/dl
HDL cholesterol	42 mg/dl

Which of the following should prompt the personal trainer to refer this client to a physician?

blood pressure

BMI

no referral is needed

A client has indicated that she has experienced large and recurrent weight fluctuations over the past two years. Her dieting often leads to binge-eating episodes followed by rigorous exercise and fasting. Which of the following disorders are these symptoms indicative of?

anorexia nervosa

bulimia nervosa

metabolic syndrome

A 44-year-old male client weighs 220 lb (100 kg) and exercises 7 days a week. A food record reveals an average daily intake of the following: 

Protein:	100 g
Carbohydrate:	450 g
Fat:	40 g

What is the client's current caloric intake?

2,480

2,360

2,560

A man is preparing for his first 100 mile (161 km) bike ride. He has been following a regular cycling program for a year before coming to see a personal trainer. His initial fitness evaluation reveals these results:

Height	5-ft, 10-in. (178 cm)
Weight	175 lb (79.5 kg)
Resting heart rate	70 bpm
Blood pressure	134/76 mmHg
Body fat	15%

Which of the following is the most appropriate recommendation?

discontinue all exercise and obtain medical clearance

continue moderate exercise but obtain medical clearance to engage in vigorous exercise

continue moderate or vigorous exercise with gradual progression

A client weighs 110 lb (50 kg) and exercises frequently. His approximate basal metabolic rate is 2200 calories per day. A food record reveals an average daily intake of the following:

Protein	88 g
Carbohydrate	500 g
Fat	22 g

What is the client's caloric intake?

2,550 kcal

2,880 kcal

448 kcal

A personal trainer performed a three-site skinfold measurement on a 20 year-old college student to estimate her percent body fat as 18%. The body composition of the client is best described as

average.

lean.

underweight.

A client weighs 250 lb (113.5 kg). He wants to lose weight. Before starting a weight loss plan the client completes a food record of his average daily intake:

Protein	100 g
Carbohydrate	450 g
Fat	40 g

Upon conducting a dietary review, which of the following statements should be made to the client?

"Based on current dietary recommendations, it may be helpful to decrease your protein intake and maintain your carbohydrate consumption"

"Based on current dietary recommendations, you may want to increase your protein and carbohydrate consumption"

"Based on current dietary recommendations, you may want to increase your fat intake and maintain your carbohydrate consumption"

A client states that her primary goal is to lose weight. The personal trainer suspects she may be underweight. Which of the following is the most appropriate course of action for the personal trainer?

refer the client to a physician

refer the client to another personal trainer

explain that she has an eating disorder

Which of the following should be completed after the initial interview?

personal trainer-client agreement

client’s goals

health appraisal

Which of the following should be performed first when determining trainer-client compatibility?

discussing the client’s goals

assessing the client’s motivation

providing a detailed list of services

A family physician occasionally refers clients to a personal trainer to begin an exercise program. The personal trainer is interested in increasing the number of client referrals from the doctor. With clients' permission, which of the following documents would be most appropriate to share with the physician?

health history assessment

progress report

informed consent

A personal trainer wants to assess a client's muscular strength, muscular power, and aerobic endurance. Which of the following assessments are most appropriate?

3RM front squat, 3RM clean, vertical jump, 12-min run

1RM leg press,5-10-5, maximum push-ups, 1.5 mile (2.4 km) run

1RM back squat, maximum bench press reps @225 lb (102.5 kg), long jump , 300-yd (274-m) shuttle

A female client with which of the following criteria would be defined as having metabolic syndrome?

waist circumference of 36 in. (91 cm), fasting glucose of 113 mg/dl

blood pressure of 127/83 mm Hg, HDL-cholesterol of 46 mg/dl, smoker

waist circumference of 36 in.(91 cm), triglyceride level 160 mg/dl, mother had a heart attack

When a personal trainer is performing a fitness assessment with several tests during one session, which of the following is the recommended order that the tests should be performed?

skinfold, resting blood pressure, Rockport walking test, YMCA bench press

resting blood pressure, skin fold, YMCA bench press, Rockport walking test

Rockport walking test, YMCA bench press, resting blood pressure, skin fold

Which of the following describes systolic blood pressure?

force exerted against arterial walls during myocardial contraction

the denominator of a complete blood pressure reading

force exerted against arterial walls during myocardial relaxation

Which of the following is an assessment of local muscular endurance?

number of sit-ups in 60 seconds

300-yard (274-m) shuttle run

12-minute run/walk

Which of the following is the most accurate indicator of a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness in a 40-year-old man?

a VO2 max of 54 ml/kg/min

resting blood pressure of 114/70 mmHg

a maximal aerobic power of 8 METs

A health appraisal reveals that a 44-year-old female client has a blood pressure of 150/96 mmHg, she is a habitual smoker and has a family history of heart disease. What is the appropriate action for the personal trainer to take?

explain to the client that she is at a high risk for heart disease

recommend that the client makes appropriate lifestyle changes

refer the client to her physician for a medical exam

Which of the following is a common skinfold assessment site to use for a male client?

suprailiac

triceps

thigh

Which of the following statements is the most accurate regarding the different methods for estimating a client's energy requirements?

it is difficult to precisely calculate energy requirements using caloric intake or mathematical formulas

the "REE x Activity" factor method is the least accurate estimation technique

an estimation based on energy expenditure per unit of body mass, activity level and gender is considered the industry's gold standard method