Our governing body, the CASCE Board of Directors, guides our efforts and accreditation practices. The Board is comprised of nine members: three Educators in Strength and Conditioning Programs, two Practitioners, one Public member, one Administrator, one NSCA Affiliate Representative, and one NSCA Board-Appointed Representative. Additionally, the Chair, Vice-Chair, and Secretary/Treasurer serve as Officers. Directors serve a term of three years and may serve no more than two full consecutive terms.

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The physiological response to breath holding includes bradycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction, which contrasts with that of exercise which includes tachycardia and peripheral vasodilation. This raises the question as to what the physiological response is to breath holding during exercise. During low-intensity exercise, the breath holding response of bradycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction prevails over the exercise response of tachycardia and peripheral vasodilation, but nevertheless the exercise may be sustained. Due to the lack of availability of extrinsic oxygen (O 2 ) from the atmosphere during breath holding, the energy demands can be met by increased reliance on intrinsic O 2 stores (i.e., O 2 that was in the body before the breath hold) via increased O 2 extraction at the muscle compared with exercise while breathing, or increased contributions from anaerobic energy systems. During high intensity exercise of short duration, the exercise response may prevail over the breath holding response due to the increased parasympathetic withdrawal and sympathetic drive of higher intensity exercise. If breath holding during high-intensity exercise was sustained for long enough, the breath holding response may eventually overcome the exercise response, although this may be difficult due to the inverse relationship between exercise intensity and breath hold duration.

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The CASCE Standards Committee is a working committee that reports to the CASCE Board of Directors (BOD). This group is responsible for review related to the professional standards and guidelines for clarification and to make recommendations to the CASCE BOD related to standard language, revisions, glossary, etc. The Standards Committee will bring forward suggestions after receiving public comment on proposed changes and work closely with the ARC, stakeholders, and staff to gather data on standards that are new, unclear, or challenging.

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Anemia is a condition characterized by too few red blood cells, leading to diminished oxygen delivery, which can significantly impact exercise participation and athletic performance. The etiology of anemia is multifactorial. Some forms of anemia develop as a result of deficiencies in specific vitamins and minerals and may be modifiable, whereas other types are inherited disorders. Although nonmodifiable, the latter may be managed with the assistance of trained medical professionals. This article will provide an overview of the pathophysiology associated with common forms of anemia and provide an introduction to diagnostic testing procedures and treatment options. Additionally, the signs and symptoms will be discussed to help strength and conditioning professionals recognize this potentially impactful condition. This article concludes with a discussion of the influence iron deficiency has on sports participation.