Nutrition Research Column – January 2025 – Does Creatine Monohydrate Help Optimize Occupational Performance Outcomes?

by Shelya Leon, and Drew Gonzalez, PhD, CISSN, CSCS,*D, TSAC-F,*D
TSAC Report July 2025
Vol 76, Issue 1

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This column will examine creatine monohydrate's (CrM) potential physical performance benefits for tactical athletes.

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This article originally appeared in TSAC Report, the NSCA’s quarterly, online-only publication geared toward the training of tactical athletes, operators, and facilitators. It provides research-based articles, performance drills, and conditioning techniques for operational, tactical athletes. The TSAC Report is only available for NSCA Members. Read more articles from TSAC Report 

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References

  1. Antonio, J, Candow, DG, Forbes, SC, Gualano, B, Jagim, AR, Kreider, RB, et al. Common questions and misconceptions about creatine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show? Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 18: 13, 2021.
  2. Bennett, T, Bathalon, G, Armstrong, D, 3rd, Martin, B, Coll, R, Beck, R, et al. Effect of creatine on performance of militarily relevant tasks and soldier health. Military Medicine 166: 996-1002, 2001.
  3. Burke, R, Pinero, A, Coleman, M, Mohan, A, Sapuppo, M, Augustin, F, et al. The effects of creatine supplementation combined with resistance training on regional measures of muscle hypertrophy: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Nutrients 15, 2023.
  4. Candow, DG, Chilibeck, PD, Gordon, JJ, and Kontulainen, S. Efficacy of creatine supplementation and resistance training on area and density of bone and muscle in older adults. Medicine and Science in Sports Exercise 53: 2388-2395, 2021.
  5. Chilibeck, PD, Candow, DG, Gordon, JJ, Duff, WRD, Mason, R, Shaw, K, et al. A 2-yr randomized controlled trial on creatine supplementation during exercise for postmenopausal bone health. Medicine and Science in Sports Exercise 55: 1750-1760, 2023.
  6. Cox, G, Mujika, I, Tumilty, D, and Burke, L. Acute creatine supplementation and performance during a field test simulating match play in elite female soccer players. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 12: 33-46, 2002.
  7. da Silveira, CL, de Souza, TS, Batista, GR, de Araujo, AT, da Silva, JC, de Sousa, S, et al. Is long term creatine and glutamine supplementation effective in enhancing physical performance of military police officers? Journal of Human Kinetics 43: 131-138, 2014.
  8. Elstad, K, Malone, C, Luedke, J, Jaime, SJ, Dobbs, WC, Almonroeder, T, et al. The effects of protein and carbohydrate supplementation, with and without creatine, on occupational performance in firefighters. Nutrients 15: 5134, 2023.
  9. Forbes, SC, Candow, DG, Neto, JHF, Kennedy, MD, Forbes, JL, Machado, M, et al. Creatine supplementation and endurance performance: Surges and sprints to win the race. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 20: 2204071, 2023.
  10. Gonzalez, DE, Forbes, SC, Zapp, A, Jagim, A, Luedke, J, Dickerson, BL, et al. Fueling the firefighter and tactical athlete with creatine: A narrative review of a key nutrient for public safety. Nutrients 16, 2024.
  11. Gonzalez, DE, McAllister, MJ, Waldman, HS, Ferrando, AA, Joyce, J, Barringer, ND, et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: Tactical athlete nutrition. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 19: 267-315, 2022.
  12. Graef, JL, Smith, AE, Kendall, KL, Fukuda, DH, Moon, JR, Beck, TW, et al. The effects of four weeks of creatine supplementation and high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 6: 18, 2009.
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  16. Kreider, RB, Kalman, DS, Antonio, J, Ziegenfuss, TN, Wildman, R, Collins, R, et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: Safety and efficacy of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 14: 18, 2017.
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  19. Nelson, AG, Day, R, Glickman-Weiss, EL, Hegsted, M, Kokkonen, J, and Sampson, B. Creatine supplementation alters the response to a graded cycle ergometer test. European Journal of Applied Physiology 83: 89-94, 2000.
  20. Rawson, ES, and Volek, JS. Effects of creatine supplementation and resistance training on muscle strength and weightlifting performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 17: 822-831, 2003.
  21. Scofield, D, and Kardouni, J. The tactical athlete: A product of 21st Century strength and conditioning. Strength and Conditioning Journal 37: 2-7, 2015.
  22. Syrotuik, DG, and Bell, GJ. Acute creatine monohydrate supplementation: A descriptive physiological profile of responders vs. nonresponders. Journal of Strength and Cond Research 18: 610-617, 2004.
  23. Warber, JP, Tharion, WJ, Patton, JF, Champagne, CM, Mitotti, P, and Lieberman, HR. The effect of creatine monohydrate supplementation on obstacle course and multiple bench press performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 16: 500-508, 2002.
  24. Wax, B, Kerksiek, CM, Jagim, AR, Mayo, JJ, Lyons, BC, and Kreider, RB. Creatine for exercise and sports performance, with recovery considerations for healthy populations. Nutrients 13, 2021.
About the author

Andrew Gonzalez, PhD, CSCS, TSAC-F

Texas A & M University

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Drew Gonzalez is a Postdoctoral Research Associate with the Exercise and Sports Nutrition Laboratory at Texas A&M University in College Station, TX. H ...

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