The use of exercise interventions to maximize athletes’ performance is a common practice in competitions. This systematic review aimed to compile research that explored the effectiveness of priming strategies to maximize physical performance in track and field. The literature search was conducted from PubMed and Scopus. One hundred eighty-two studies were assessed against the inclusion criteria: (a) minimum 1-year participation/competition experience; (b) randomized controlled trials with pre-post intervention outcomes; and (c) studies involving exercise interventions applied #6 hours before outcome measures were collected. Fifteen studies satisfied the criteria and were categorized according to the exercise interventions used (i.e., resistance training, plyometric/ ballistic training, resisted sprints, and modified warm-ups). Heavy-loaded resistance training (i.e., .85% 1 repetition maximum) and resisted sprints increased subsequent sprint performance. Plyometrics/ballistic training also positively impacted subsequent jumping (i.e., long jump) and throwing performance (i.e., shot put). Modified warm-ups (i.e., high-intensity sprints and heavier throwing implements) also improved subsequent running and throwing performance. Overall, exercise interventions performed at high intensity and low volume augment subsequent physical performance as close to 4 minutes before the event. However, a sufficient recovery interval must be considered for a positive performance response.

Learn about Loren Landow’s philosophy-based system of multidirectional training and explore how to best integrate multidirectional training to straight-line speed performance through a full progression of bilateral and unilateral exercises. In this session from the NSCA’s 2017 National Conference, Landow addresses the factors that influence agility with special attention to the feet and hips

Learn about how a potentiating stimulus can induce a postactivation potentiation (PAP) response in vertical jump, sprint, and upper-body performance, as well as the optimal structure of a strength-power potentiating complex.

Bridge the Gap Lecture: The Art of Integration – Periodizing Speed, Power, & Strength in the Training Process

This excerpt from Developing Speed describes an agility drill that aims to develop change of direction.

This article from Developing Agility briefly discusses the importance of age-appropriate speed and agility drills.

Learn how to perform a light sled pull, which can help increase speed strength, power, and stride length.

Indian Club Drills for Hip and Ankle Mobility

Indian Club Drills for Hip and Ankle Mobility

This article explains the connections between the upper and lower body and their influence on performance and recovery strategies in sprinting.